Simposio: Enfermedades transmitidas por garrapatas

SIMPOSIO

Enfermedades transmitidas por garrapatas (Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, Borrelia)

COORDINA: Daniela Lamattina

Garrapatas de mamíferos silvestres neotropicales: ecología y relevancia para la salud pública y veterinaria

La mayoría de los patógenos emergentes se originan en la fauna silvestre y se propagan a animales domésticos y humanos como consecuencia de diversos cambios ecológicos, demográficos y socioeconómicos. La degradación antropogénica de los ecosistemas naturales crea interfaces doméstico-silvestres, donde el riesgo de exposición a patógenos es mayor tanto para las personas como para los animales. Entre los patógenos de relevancia médica y veterinaria, cuya información sigue siendo limitada en estos entornos neotropicales, se encuentran las bacterias y los protozoos transmitidos por garrapatas. Este simposio tiene como objetivo abordar los aspectos ecoepidemiológicos de las garrapatas asociadas a mamíferos silvestres en zonas de estrecho contacto con animales domésticos y humanos, desde una perspectiva de Una Salud que integra la salud humana, animal y ambiental. El debate se centrará en los factores que influyen en la presencia, abundancia, distribución geográfica y rango de hospedadores de estos ectoparásitos, así como en su dinámica temporal y su potencial como indicadores de la salud de los ecosistemas. En un contexto de cambios socioambientales continuos, la vigilancia proporciona herramientas para evaluar los posibles riesgos epidemiológicos y diseñar estrategias de control adaptadas a estos escenarios específicos. Esta propuesta reúne a expertos en parasitología, ecología y salud pública para promover un enfoque interdisciplinario que permita comprender y gestionar los desafíos que plantean las garrapatas en la región neotropical.

Palabras clave: Ixodidae, Fauna silvestre, Enfermedades transmitidas por garrapatas, Una Salud

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Integrative Surveillance as a Tool to Mitigate the Risk of Tick-Borne Diseases Emergence

LAMATTINA, Daniela1, SEBASTIAN, Patrick S.2, URDAPILLETA, Mara1, MONTINI, Martina3, VADELL, María V.1, GAMBOA, Marcelo D.1, SALOMÓN, Oscar D.1 & NAVA, Santiago2

1 Instituto Nacional de Medicina Tropical (INMeT), Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET).
2 Instituto de Investigación de la Cadena Láctea (IDICAL, INTA-CONICET), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela, Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina.
3 Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria (FCV), Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina.
E-mail address: daniela.lamattina@gmail.com, dlamattina@anlis.gob.ar

Rapid agricultural, livestock, and human population expansion in recent decades has led to significant changes in the environmental characteristics of ecosystems. As a result, close contact between natural and anthropized environments has intensified, leading to the formation of domestic-wildlife interface zones. The effectiveness of preventive measures against zoonotic diseases depends largely on ecological and epidemiological knowledge of pathogen-host-environment systems. In the case of tick-borne diseases, research has traditionally focused on the detection of pathogens in vectors. However, due to the difficulties of active sampling, comprehensive surveillance approaches for tick-associated pathogens that simultaneously consider vectors, domestic and wild hosts, and different levels of anthropogenic disturbance are uncommon. This presentation will address studies on tick-borne pathogens infecting mammals in different landscapes of the Atlantic forest (Paranaense and Araucaria forests) of northeastern Argentina. The research design, collection, diagnosis of samples, and evaluation of data on ticks, their hosts, and the pathogens involved will be described. These studies, which integrate environmental variables, host variables, and their association with ticks, constitute a valuable tool for analyzing the risk of diseases transmitted by these vectors. They provide essential information for identifying areas and activities of high health risk, and for designing targeted prevention and control recommendations and strategies consistent with human-animal-vector interaction patterns and anthropogenic environmental transformation processes, in line with the One Health approach.

Keywords: Ixodidae, Domestic-wildlife interface, One Health.

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Experimental assessment of ability the deer Axis axis to sustain populations of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus  

TARRAGONA, Evelina Luisa1 

1Instituto de Investigación de la Cadena Láctea (IDICAL, INTA – CONICET) Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, E.E.A. Rafaela, Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina. CC 22, CP 2300, Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina.
E-mail address: tarragona.evelina@inta.gob.ar 

Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini, 1888), is the common cattle tick and an exotic species from Asia that was introduced to the Americas along with domestic cattle by the first European settlers. R. microplus is considered the tick of greatest interest in cattle production due to the economic losses caused by parasitism per se, resistance to acaricides, or pathogenic microorganisms it transmits to cattle. Axis Deer, Axis axis (Erxleben, 1777) is an Asian species introduced to South America in the early decades of the 20th century for hunting in Uruguay and Argentina. In Argentina, these populations expanded, forming wild populations, eventually establishing themselves in protected areas where authorized hunting is currently practiced as a method of population control. These exotic deer have adapted to coexist with cattle in livestock areas ecologically suitable for R. microplus, and recently, there are reports of R. microplus parasitizing them in Argentina. However, the role of this exotic mammal as an amplifier of R. microplus is unknown. The aim of this work was to evaluate the interaction between R. microplus and exotic deer A axis that cohabit with cattle in extensive breeding systems of the Argentine littoral. For this purpose, a simulated experimental design was carried out with multiple natural infestations of A. axis with R. microplus and biological parameters were evaluated in order to determine the aptitude of the exotic deer as an amplifier of the R. microplus tick.

Keywords: The common cattle tick R. microplus, Exotic host A. axis, Argentina.

Cronograma del evento (1)

Lunes 27
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